Basel is one of the eldest Swiss cantons, it became member of the confederation in 1501 before it split into two different cantons in 1833: Basel-Stadt and Basel-Land. 

The quarel about this split, which were based on the differences and rebellions of the rural population against the dominance of the urban aristocracy, is still existing. The last attempt of building again one canton, which came from the city area, was in 2014.

Basel-Stadt consists of three municipalities, but still is the most densely populated canton. 

The economic status of this canton is of very high relevance. Being a trading and industrial location, it is a preferred site for the pharmaceutical industry.

The Art Basel, a world-famous event for contemporary art, is taking place in Basel since 1970.